Global Food Security Association for Young Scientists

1.Staple Food

1.1 Rice

Cooking Instructions

• To cook rice, start by rinsing the rice in a fine-mesh sieve under cold water until the water runs clear.
• Then, in a pot, add the rinsed rice and add water in a 1:2 ratio.
• Place the pot on the stove over medium heat and bring it to a boil. Once boiling, reduce the heat to low, cover the pot with a tight-fitting lid, and let the rice simmer until all the water is absorbed.

Nutrition

• Every 100g Rice has about 116kcal calories, 2.6g protein, 0.3g fat and 25.9g carbohydrate.

Typical Dishes

Country	Name	Picture
China	Fried Rice
Japan	Sushi
Spain	Paella
Portugal	Arroz De Marisco
Malaysia	Nasi Lemak

1.2 Rice Noodle

Cooking Instructions

• To cook rice vermicelli, start by bringing a pot of water to a boil.
• Once the water is boiling, remove it from the heat and add the dried rice vermicelli noodles. Let the noodles soak in the hot water until they become tender but still retain a slight firmness.
• Once the noodles are cooked, drain them in a colander and rinse them under cold water to stop the cooking process and remove any excess starch.

Nutrition

• Every 100g Rice Noodle (raw) has about 350kcal calories, 7.7g protein, 0.1g fat and 80g carbohydrate.

Typical Dishes

Country	Name	Picture
China	River Snail Rice Noodles
Vietnam	Pho
Malaysia	Laksa
Singapore	Singapore Fried Bee Hoon

1.3 Congee

Cooking Instructions

• Rinse 1 cup of rice and soak it in water for about 30 minutes.
• Drain the rice and transfer it to a large pot.
• Add 6-8 cups of water and bring it to a boil. Reduce the heat to low and simmer, stirring occasionally, for 1-2 hours until the rice breaks down and the mixture thickens to a porridge consistency.

Nutrition

• Every 100g Congee has about 46kcal calories, 1.1g protein, 0.3g fat and 9.9g carbohydrate.

Typical Dishes

2. Snack

2.1 Rice Cake

Cooking Instructions

• To cook rice cake, soak glutinous rice in water, grind it into a thick paste, and add water to achieve a pourable consistency.
• Optionally, add flavorings like sugar or salt.
• Steam the batter in a greased dish or bake it in the oven until cooked and firm.
• Cool, cut into desired shapes.

Nutrition

• Every 100g Rice Cake (raw) has about 154kcal calories, 3.3g protein, 0.6g fat and 34.7g carbohydrate.

Typical Dishes

Country	Picture
China
Japan
Korea

2.2 Puffed Rice

Cooking Instructions

• To make puffed rice, start by heating a deep pan or pot over medium heat. Add a small amount of oil and allow it to heat up.
• Once the oil is hot, add a handful of uncooked rice grains to the pan and cover it with a lid. As the rice heats up, it will start to puff and expand.
• Once the rice grains have puffed up and turned crispy, remove them from the pan and place them on a paper towel to drain any excess oil.

Typical Dishes

Country	Name	Picture
China	Puffed Rice
India	Bhel Puri
Bangladesh	Jhalmuri

2.3 Rice Paper

Cooking Instructions

• To prepare rice paper, soak it briefly in warm water until it becomes pliable and flexible.
• Once softened, you can use rice paper to wrap or roll various fillings, such as vegetables, herbs, and proteins, to make dishes like spring rolls or summer rolls.

Typical Dishes

Country	Name	Picture
Vietnam	Summer Roll
Thailand	Summer Roll

3. Dessert

3.1 Sticky Rice

Cooking Instructions

• To cook glutinous rice, rinse the rice under cold water to remove excess starch.
• Soak the rice in water for at least 4 hours or overnight.
• Drain the soaked rice and transfer it to a steamer. Add water in a ratio of 1:1.5 (rice to water).
• By using a steamer, steam the rice for 20-25 minutes until tender.

Nutrition

• Every 100g Sticky Rice (raw) has about 328 kcal calories, 7.5g protein, 1.1g fat and 7.8g carbohydrate.

Typical Dishes

Country	Name	Picture
China	Zongzi
Thailand	Mango Sticky Rice
Philippines	Suman

3.2 Sticky Rice

Cooking Instructions

• Glutinous rice is steamed and then pounded or kneaded until it becomes smooth and elastic.
• The resulting dough is shaped into small round balls or flattened discs and can be filled with sweet fillings like red bean paste or enjoyed plain.

Nutrition

• Every 100g Sticky Rice (raw) has about 328 kcal calories, 7.5g protein, 1.1g fat and 7.8g carbohydrate.

Typical Dishes

Country	Name	Picture
China	Tangyuan
Japan	Mochi
Korea	Red Bean Porridge

4. Drink

4.1 Rice Wine

Cooking Instructions

• Start by soaking and steaming rice, then prepare a fermentation starter called koji.
• Combine the cooked rice and koji in a fermentation vessel and let it ferment for several weeks to months in a warm and dark place.
• After fermentation, strain the liquid to separate the rice wine from solids. Transfer the rice wine to a clean container and age it for a few weeks to develop its flavor.

Typical Dishes

Country	Name	Picture
China	Rice Wine
	Huangjiu
Japan	Saka
Korea	Soju